AP World History 2012-2013
  • Unit 1
    • 1.1.3: Tools and Adaptation>
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 1.3.9 & 1.3.2: New Religions & Geographies of Early Civs.>
      • Early Religions>
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
        • Works Cited
      • The Early Civilizations>
        • Case Study
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
        • Works Cited
    • 1.1.2: Humans and Fire>
      • 1.1.4: Economic Structures>
        • Case Study
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 1.3.6: Arts & Record Keeping>
      • Arts and Artisanship
      • Systems of Recordkeeping
      • Case Study: The Phoenician Alphabet
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 1.3.1-1.3.3: Early Culture & Systems of Rule>
      • Culture's Effects
      • Systems of Rule
      • Case Study: Hammurabi's Code
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 1.1-1.4 Early Human Innovation>
      • 1.1.1: Human Patterns of Migration>
        • Case Study
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 1.2.1-1.2.3: The Climate & The Neolithic Era>
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 1.2.5-1.2.6: Reliable Food Sources & Innovation>
      • Case Study - The Plow
      • Works Cited
    • 1.3.1-1.3.2: Pastoralists & Early Architecture>
      • Introduction
      • Monumental Architecture And Urban Planning
      • Pastoralist Weapon Dissemination And Transportation
      • Pastoralist Tools
      • Basic
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
      • Works Cited
  • Unit 2
    • 2.2.5-2.2.7 Social Hierarchy and Gender Roles>
      • Gender Roles>
        • Case Study
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
      • Social Hierarchies >
        • AGMSPRITE
    • 2.2.4 Cities>
      • Trade>
        • Trade AGMSPRITE
        • Trade Case Study
      • Religious Rituals>
        • Religious Rituals AGMSPRITE
        • Religious Rituals Case Study
      • Public Administration>
        • Public Administration AGMSPRITE
        • Public Administration Case Study
    • 2.2.2 Orchestration of the Persian and S. Asian Empires>
      • Persia>
        • Imperial Administration and Legal Systems
        • Military Power
        • Trade and Economic Integration and Regulation
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
      • South Asia>
        • Imperial Administration and Legal Systems
        • Military Power
        • Trade and Economic Integration and Regulation
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 2.2.2 Orchestration of Rome and China>
      • China>
        • Imperial Administration
        • Military Power
        • Trade and Economics
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
      • Rome>
        • Imperial Administration
        • Military Power
        • Trade and Economics
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 2.2.1: Growth of Empires & States>
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 2.1.6 Cultures Of Second Wave Civilizations>
      • Sculptures
      • Architecture
      • Literature
      • A.G.M.S.P.R.I.T.E
      • Sources
    • 2.1.1: Religions as a Bonding Force>
      • The Basic Gist
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
      • Case Study
    • 2.1.4 Buddhism and Hinduism Impact on Gender Roles>
      • Buddhism
    • 2.1.2 The Emergence of Religions>
      • Christianity
      • Confucianism
      • Greco-Roman Philosophy
      • Daoism
      • AGMSPRITE
  • Unit 3
    • 3.1.1 Third Wave Global Trade Routes>
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 3.1.2 The Impact of trade on emerging trading cities>
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 3.1.3. Spread of Islam Through Afro-Eurasia>
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 3.1.4 Inter-Regional Travelers >
      • The Basic Gist
      • Compare and Contrast
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 3.1.5. Cultural Interactions and Art>
      • The Basic Gist
      • Cultural Traditions AGMSPRITE
      • Art AGMSPRITE
      • Literature AGMSPRITE
      • Case Study
    • 3.1.6: The Impact of Newly Spread Technologies and Scientific Knowledge>
      • Basic Gist
      • Movement of Gunpowder from East to West
      • Movement of Printing from East to West
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 3.1.7 Inter-Regional Conflicts>
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
  • Unit 4
    • 4.1.1. - Influence of Tools Upon Transoceanic Trade>
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 4.1.2: Maritime Reconnaissance>
      • Basic Gist
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 4.1.3 World Economies>
      • Basic Gist
      • AGMSPRITE analysis
      • Case Study
    • 4.1.4 The Colossal Impact of the Colombian Exchange>
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study on Sugar
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis of the East
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis of the West
    • 4.1.5 Government and the Arts>
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 4.2.3 Forced Migration of Africans Cause and Effect>
      • Basic Gist
      • Causes of the forced migration of Africans
      • Effects/Developments of the forced migration of Africans
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 4.3.2 Impact of Technology on state consolidation and imperial expansion>
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
  • Unit 5
    • 5.3.1 US and Latin American Revolutions >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 5.3.2b Hatian Revolution>
      • Basic Gist
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 5.3.2a: Causes and Effects of French Revolution>
      • Causes of the French Revolution
      • Effects of the French Revolution
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 5.3.2c Causes and Effects of the Mexican Revolution>
      • Basic Gist
      • Causes of the Mexican Revolution
      • Effects of the Mexican Revolution
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 5.3.3: The Winds of Change>
      • Case Study
      • The Conception of Nation-States
      • Nationalism on the Rise
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 5.3.4 Nationalism and Democracy >
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
      • 5.3.5 Enlightenment and European Despots>
        • Basic Gist
  • Unit 6
    • War and Peace in a Global Context>
      • Big Gist>
        • WWI vs WWII
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • Changing Economics>
      • Basic Gist
      • AGMSPRITE
      • Case Study
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • Demographic and Environmental Changes>
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 20th Century Globalization>
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • Effects of Revolutions on Women>
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • New Patterns of Nationalism >
      • Basic Gist
      • Independence of Vietnam Case Study
      • Effects of Communism Case Study
      • Chinese and Russian Revolutions
      • AGMSPRITE
    • Globalization of Science, technology and culture. >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
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3.1.6 By Anna Dengler

Case Study: The Movement of Printing from the East to the West

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China

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Chinese block printing
The concept of printing originated in china at approximately 50 B.C.E. Originally, the process of printing was still rather gruesome, but increased the speed at which copies of documents could be made immensely. Printing started out with someone writing a character out on a sheet of paper, then pressing it against a wooden block until dried and then removing the paper. The character would then have to be carved out of the block by a skilled craftsman and further used for making duplicated of characters. The Chinese settled on this method for quite some time, until the Sui Dynasty emerged, in which the emperor Sui Yangdi put great emphasis on fixing up China an creating new innovations and improving the ones already created. It can be concluded that through Yangdi’s emphasis on creating new innovations, the Chinese worked on improving their printing as well. Thus, in 593 A.D., the first printing press was created in China. 

 

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The Diamond Sutra
Once the Sui Dynasty fell, and the Tang arose, leaders continued to drive the concept of innovation and improvement, leading to the first newspaper in 700 A.D. Though the Chinese have gotten as far as creating printing presses and speeding up their process of printing, they were still using woodblock printing never the less.  As this continued on, the Chinese published the first known woodblock printed book, called the Diamond Sutra.  It wasn’t until much later in 1041 A.D. in which Pi Sheng invented the first movable type, which tremendously sped up printing and cut out a lot of the agonizing process in doing so. Sheng then exported his innovation into the Western world, leading to more improvement done to this concept of printing by other scholars and craftsmen.


India

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Indian Stamp Printing
Though India has used the concept of printing before, the actual woodblock printing did not make its way to India until the Chinese decided to trade the woodblock printing ideas and movable types to India. India started out with around the 7th century; stamps were used in India to print Indian prayers onto clay tablets. The idea of printing in India originated from Buddhism, in which copying and preserving texts was part of their religion. People would have to copy religious texts in order to live by them daily and study them and learn them. Since the process of copying these scriptures by hand was rather agonizing, the Indians developed their own form of printing by using this said stamp system. Not until Chinese traded their woodblock printing methods and movable types was India able to efficiently copy religious or other kinds of text. Since Indians were highly religious and put a high emphasis on having multiple copies of the same text, the easy printing methods provided by the Chinese not only helped Indians speed up printing productions and made them happier by acquiring these texts quicker, but ultimately made it much easier for these religious texts to spread, which contributed to a further spread of Buddhism.



Europe

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Gutenberg's Printing Press
In Europe, the idea of printing was not brought upon the people until approximately 1300 AD. As in India, Europeans first and foremost wanted to use the idea of printing for religious purposes, but mainly for images, rather than texts. As paper became more accessible in Europe, people started printing up various things, including playing cards. Once the Shang’s movable type innovation made its way to Europe, and the Europeans became more stable and educated and people started working with the idea of the movable type and expanded on it. Around mid-century 1400s, block-books, woodcut books with both text and images, usually carved in the same block started arising in Europe. This idea turned out to be a much cheaper method compared to Sheng’s movable type. The Europeans kept advancing on the concept of printing, making it faster, cheaper and more reliable for Europe. Around 1450, a German blacksmith named Johannes Gutenberg expanded on the idea of the movable type and created a new printing system for Europe that would lead them to produce up to 240 impressions per hour. From then on, many other printers and craftsmen worked off of Sheng’s and Gutenberg’s printing innovations. Sheng’s idea spread to Europe, enabling Gutenberg to improve the innovation and expand on it. This trade network was needed to take one idea and bring it to another continent in which a skilled laborer, who may not have been able to come up with this idea by themselves, expanded on it and improved it. Both cultures were needed in making this idea which is widely used today in every aspect we see, from social media, to the books we use for education and the vey internet we use today.


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