AP World History 2012-2013
  • Unit 1
    • 1.1.3: Tools and Adaptation >
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 1.3.9 & 1.3.2: New Religions & Geographies of Early Civs. >
      • Early Religions >
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
        • Works Cited
      • The Early Civilizations >
        • Case Study
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
        • Works Cited
    • 1.1.2: Humans and Fire >
      • 1.1.4: Economic Structures >
        • Case Study
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 1.3.6: Arts & Record Keeping >
      • Arts and Artisanship
      • Systems of Recordkeeping
      • Case Study: The Phoenician Alphabet
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 1.3.1-1.3.3: Early Culture & Systems of Rule >
      • Culture's Effects
      • Systems of Rule
      • Case Study: Hammurabi's Code
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 1.1-1.4 Early Human Innovation >
      • 1.1.1: Human Patterns of Migration >
        • Case Study
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 1.2.1-1.2.3: The Climate & The Neolithic Era >
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 1.2.5-1.2.6: Reliable Food Sources & Innovation >
      • Case Study - The Plow
      • Works Cited
    • 1.3.1-1.3.2: Pastoralists & Early Architecture >
      • Introduction
      • Monumental Architecture And Urban Planning
      • Pastoralist Weapon Dissemination And Transportation
      • Pastoralist Tools
      • Basic
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
      • Works Cited
  • Unit 2
    • 2.2.5-2.2.7 Social Hierarchy and Gender Roles >
      • Gender Roles >
        • Case Study
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
      • Social Hierarchies >
        • AGMSPRITE
    • 2.2.4 Cities >
      • Trade >
        • Trade AGMSPRITE
        • Trade Case Study
      • Religious Rituals >
        • Religious Rituals AGMSPRITE
        • Religious Rituals Case Study
      • Public Administration >
        • Public Administration AGMSPRITE
        • Public Administration Case Study
    • 2.2.2 Orchestration of the Persian and S. Asian Empires >
      • Persia >
        • Imperial Administration and Legal Systems
        • Military Power
        • Trade and Economic Integration and Regulation
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
      • South Asia >
        • Imperial Administration and Legal Systems
        • Military Power
        • Trade and Economic Integration and Regulation
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 2.2.2 Orchestration of Rome and China >
      • China >
        • Imperial Administration
        • Military Power
        • Trade and Economics
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
      • Rome >
        • Imperial Administration
        • Military Power
        • Trade and Economics
        • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 2.2.1: Growth of Empires & States >
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 2.1.6 Cultures Of Second Wave Civilizations >
      • Sculptures
      • Architecture
      • Literature
      • A.G.M.S.P.R.I.T.E
      • Sources
    • 2.1.1: Religions as a Bonding Force >
      • The Basic Gist
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
      • Case Study
    • 2.1.4 Buddhism and Hinduism Impact on Gender Roles >
      • Buddhism
    • 2.1.2 The Emergence of Religions >
      • Christianity
      • Confucianism
      • Greco-Roman Philosophy
      • Daoism
      • AGMSPRITE
  • Unit 3
    • 3.1.1 Third Wave Global Trade Routes >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 3.1.2 The Impact of trade on emerging trading cities >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 3.1.3. Spread of Islam Through Afro-Eurasia >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 3.1.4 Inter-Regional Travelers >
      • The Basic Gist
      • Compare and Contrast
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 3.1.5. Cultural Interactions and Art >
      • The Basic Gist
      • Cultural Traditions AGMSPRITE
      • Art AGMSPRITE
      • Literature AGMSPRITE
      • Case Study
    • 3.1.6: The Impact of Newly Spread Technologies and Scientific Knowledge >
      • Basic Gist
      • Movement of Gunpowder from East to West
      • Movement of Printing from East to West
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 3.1.7 Inter-Regional Conflicts >
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
  • Unit 4
    • 4.1.1. - Influence of Tools Upon Transoceanic Trade >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 4.1.2: Maritime Reconnaissance >
      • Basic Gist
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 4.1.3 World Economies >
      • Basic Gist
      • AGMSPRITE analysis
      • Case Study
    • 4.1.4 The Colossal Impact of the Colombian Exchange >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study on Sugar
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis of the East
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis of the West
    • 4.1.5 Government and the Arts >
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 4.2.3 Forced Migration of Africans Cause and Effect >
      • Basic Gist
      • Causes of the forced migration of Africans
      • Effects/Developments of the forced migration of Africans
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 4.3.2 Impact of Technology on state consolidation and imperial expansion >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
  • Unit 5
    • 5.3.1 US and Latin American Revolutions >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 5.3.2b Hatian Revolution >
      • Basic Gist
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 5.3.2a: Causes and Effects of French Revolution >
      • Causes of the French Revolution
      • Effects of the French Revolution
      • AGMSPRITE
    • 5.3.2c Causes and Effects of the Mexican Revolution >
      • Basic Gist
      • Causes of the Mexican Revolution
      • Effects of the Mexican Revolution
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 5.3.3: The Winds of Change >
      • Case Study
      • The Conception of Nation-States
      • Nationalism on the Rise
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 5.3.4 Nationalism and Democracy >
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
      • 5.3.5 Enlightenment and European Despots >
        • Basic Gist
  • Unit 6
    • War and Peace in a Global Context >
      • Big Gist >
        • WWI vs WWII
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • Changing Economics >
      • Basic Gist
      • AGMSPRITE
      • Case Study
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • Demographic and Environmental Changes >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE Analysis
    • 20th Century Globalization >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • Effects of Revolutions on Women >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE
    • New Patterns of Nationalism >
      • Basic Gist
      • Independence of Vietnam Case Study
      • Effects of Communism Case Study
      • Chinese and Russian Revolutions
      • AGMSPRITE
    • Globalization of Science, technology and culture. >
      • Basic Gist
      • Case Study
      • AGMSPRITE

Culture's Effects

The Olmecs and Norte Chicos

Picture
The first evidence of ball games was found within the Olmec civilization.
Mesoamerican ballgames played an extremely important role in the culture and unification of many states in Southern America. Ball games, which originated from the Olmecs, quickly spread around Southern America. They were taken extremely serious in the society and were often used to resolve conflict without actually fighting wars. Eventually they evolved into a more internal way for the society to resolve conflict and competition. Although the ball games could result in injuries and even death, the ability for the civilizations to resolve conflict within itself without resorting to violence unified it greatly. Architecture also played a large role in the unification of these states. Specifically in the Norte Chico civilization, which did not have pottery or any other form or writing, architecture of platform mounds and plazas such as the large pyramids and courtyards found in Caral were the main form of cultural expression. The ability for their society to come together and construct such monuments so early in history suggests great unification because of the requirement for not only a system of centralized rule but also an idea of public works.

The Fertile Crescent States

Picture
Ancient Egyptians dancing with music
Throughout the history of the three main civilizations that originated in the Fertile Crescent, Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Indus River Region, one aspect of culture has played an extremely important role in unification of the people. Festivals and celebrations provided a creative and social outlet for the people of the nations, which in turn facilitated unity. In Ancient Egypt, many festivals were held for events like the celebration of continued rule of pharaohs and the summer solstice that played an extremely large role for not only the elites of the society but also the common people. Shops would be closed and festivals would be had for days at a time, and people would spend this time partying with each other. Festivals in early Mesopotamia were also extremely important. Festivals were held each month, which depended on one or more of six different themes, some of which are phases of the agricultural cycle and moon, and the completion of a large monument such as a palace or temple. Festivals in Mesopotamia, much like that of Egypt, played an extremely important role in unifying the people because it allowed for increased interaction and bonding of different types of people. In the Indus River Valley, large cities such as Mohenjo-daro also showed evidence of festivals. Archaeological discoveries show that chickens were being bred for the purpose of cock-fighting and not for food. Cock-fighting is believed to play a strong role in religious festivals of the city, which supported unity for much of the same reasons festivals in Egypt in Mesopotamia did. The celebrations had during the early time of development in the Fertile Crescent States were key in the unification of the civilizations because of the interaction and bonding that was felt by the people during the festivals. 

Picture
An illustration of a festival called the Beautiful Feast of Opet.

The Shang Dynasty 

Picture
Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng, a large instrument made out of metal bells.
Unification in the Shang Dynasty was created by the ritualistic sacrifices and ceremonies and their close ties to music and dance. Throughout the state, music and dance accompanied the sacrifices to the local deities. The indication of music and dancing would create unity because of the requirement for not only the passing down of how to play and instrument and how to dance correctly but also the interaction formed through bands and choreographed dances. Also, because the Shang Dynasty's music was largely influenced by large metal instruments, the knowledge of metallurgy also unified the nation. The reason for unity parallels the reason why music unifies the culture, the knowledge must be passed down from generation to generation. The connection formed by communication with the Gods through music strengthened the Shang Dynasty's religious zeal and their unity by providing a way to express their religious and personal feelings individually and as a group.

Citations

Sites with Early Ball Game Artifacts. 2007. Photograph. Wikipedia, None. By Wikipedia.

No Author. "Ancient Egypt." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 10 Mar. 2012. Web. 04 Oct. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt>.

Bayoumy, Raghda Abdul. "Festivals Celebrated in Ancient Egyp." Raghdabayoumy. Tripod, n.d. Web. 
4 Oct. 2012. <http://raghdabayoumy.tripod.com/Festivals%20Celebrated%20in%20ancient%20Egypt.htm>

No Author. "China Shang Dynasty (16th -11th Century BC): Polotics, Economy, Culture and Arts."TravelChinaGuide. Travel China, n.d. Web. 05 Oct. 2012. <http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/history/shang/>.

No Author. "Mesopotamia." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 10 Apr. 2012. Web. 04 Oct. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia>.

No Author. "Olmec." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 30 Sept. 2012. Web. 04 Oct. 2012. 
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmec>.

No Author. "Norte Chico Civilization." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 30 Sept. 2012. Web. 04 Oct. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norte_Chico_civilization>.

No Author. "Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 18 Sept. 2012. Web. 05 Oct. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomb_of_Marquis_Yi_of_Zeng>.

Springer, Ilene, and Jimmy Dunn. "Grand Festivals in Ancient Egypt." Egypt: Grand Festivals in Ancient Egypt. Tour Egypt, 4 Aug. 2100. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. <http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/festival.htm>
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